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  Important Questions for Class 12 History  Chapter   1   Bricks ,  Beads,  and  Bones VERY SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS 1. Why is Indus Valley Civilization called the Harappan Civilization? (page 1) 2. How do archaeologists explain the term ‘culture’? (page1) 3. What were Nageshwar and Balakotspecialised in making? (page 11) 4. What does the term ASI stand for? 5. Name the first Director-General of the ASI. (page 19) SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (ANSWER IN ABOUT 100 WORDS) 1. If you were a person living in Harappa, list the food items that would have been available to you? (page 2- 3) 2. Who was John Marshall? What was his contribution? (page 20) 3. How do archaeologists trace socio-economic differences in Harappan society? (page 9) 4. How do archaeologists identify centers of craft production? (page 11) 5. What light do seals and terracotta figures throw on the religious practices of Harappan people? (page 23) LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS (ANSWER IN ABOUT 350 WORDS) 1....

Chapter 2: End of Bipolarity Fall of Berlin Wall i. The Berlin Wall built during the height of the Cold war in 1961 symbolized the division between the Capitalist and the Communist world. ii. The fall of the Berlin wall by common people in Nov 1989 marks the beginning of the end of the Communist Bloc. iii. One after another 8 East European countries that were part of the Soviet Bloc replaced the communist governments in response to mass demonstrations. Eventually, the Soviet Union also disintegrated. Features of the Soviet System i. The USSR came into being after a revolution in 1917 inspire by the ideas of socialism and egalitarian society. ii. The soviet system gave primacy to the State and the Soviet Communist Party. iii. No other political party was allowed and the economy was planned and controlled by the State. Socialist Bloc i. After the second world war, the East European countries that the Soviet Army has liberated from the Fascist ...

SUBJECT: HISTORY BOOK: THEMES IN HISTORY PART 2, NCERT THEME: 2   KINGS, FARMERS AND TOWNS The early States and Economics STUDY MATERIAL   KEY CONCEPTS INTRODUCTION There were several developments in different parts of the subcontinent (India) during the long the span of 1500 years following the end of Harappan Civilization:- - Rigveda was composed along the Indus and its tributaries. - Agricultural Settlements emerged in several parts of the subcontinent. - Presence of pastoral populations in the Deccan and further South. - A new mode of disposal of the dead like making Megaliths. - Growth of new cities and kingdoms by 600 BCE. 600 BCE - MAJOR TURNING POINT IN EARLY INDIAN HISTORY · Rise of early states and cities · Growing use of iron, development of coinage · Rise of Buddhism and Jainism THE EARLIEST STATES (The sixteen mahajanpads) · Early Buddhist & Jain texts mention the presence of 16 mahajanpads. Some of the most import...

CHAPTER 1 BRICKS, BEADS AND BONES THE HARAPPAN Civilization   ASSIGNMENT -1    NOTE:  MENTIONED AGAINST EACH QUESTION TO FRAME YOUR ANSWERS   SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (ANSWER IN ABOUT 100 WORDS) 1. Throw light on the agricultural practices of the Harappans. On what basis have historians reconstructed them? (page 3) 2. What is the difference between utilitarian and luxurious artifacts? (page 9) 3. List the materials used to make beads in the Harappan civilization. Describe the process by which beads were made. (page 10 & 11) 4. Discuss the functions that may have been performed by rulers in Harappan society. (Answer on the basis of your own interpretation) 5. What light do seals and terracotta figures throw on the religious practices of the Harappan people? (page 23)

(ONE MARKS QUESTIONS) Q.1. Define Fiscal deficit. Q.2. The difference between the revenue receipts and revenue expenditure of the govt. is known as (a) revenue deficit (b) budget deficit (c) fiscal deficit (d) primary deficit Q.3. If you are given the following data of a hypothetical economy : (i) Total budgeted expenditure Rs. 1,000/- (ii) Total budgeted revenue receipts Rs. 700/- (iii) Proceeds of Disinvestment Rs. 150/- (iv) Loans Rs. 150/- Then, the fiscal deficit equals: (a) Rs. 150/- (b) Rs. 300 (c) Rs. 700/- (d) Rs. 1000/- Q.4. Primary deficit in a budget will be zero when: (a) revenue deficit is zero (b) net interest payments are zero (c) fiscal deficit is zero (d) none Q.5. Total expenditure on national defence in India is categorized as: (a) revenue expenditure (b) capital expenditure (c) confidential (d) partly revenue expenditure and partly capital expenditure . Q.6. Fiscal deficit and primary deficit can never be equal to each other. (True /false) Q.7. Fiscal deficit = ………...

Chapter 5 Contemporary South Asia   WHAT IS SOUTH ASIA? The expression ‘South Asia’ usually includes the following countries: Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, the Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka. The mighty Himalayas in the north and the vast Indian Ocean, the Arabian Sea and the Bay of Bengal in the south, west and east respectively provide a natural insularity to the region, which is largely responsible for the linguistic, social and cultural distinctiveness of the subcontinent. After Pakistan framed its first constitution, General Ayub Khan took over the administration of the country and soon got himself elected. He had to give up office when there was popular dissatisfaction against his rule. This gave way to a military takeover once again under General Yahya Khan.   During Yahya’s military rule, Pakistan faced the Bangladesh crisis, and after a war with India in 1971, East Pakistan broke away to emerge as an independent coun...

DEEPWATER  Answer the following in about 30-40 words each. 1. How and when did Douglas develop an aversion to water? 2. What strategy of escaping drowning did Douglas have in mind? 3. Why couldn’t Douglas implement his strategy of escaping drowning? 4. What was the immediate effect of the drowning incident on Douglas? 5. Mention any two long term consequences of the drowning incident on Douglas. 6. Why did the drowning experience deprive Douglas from the pleasure of water sports? 7. What did Douglas do to overcome his fear of water? 8. Why did the experience of conquering his fear of water have a deeper meaning for Douglas? 9. Mention two qualities of Douglas that helped him conquer his fear. 10. Even after receiving training from the instructor why did Douglas not feel confident to swim? Answer in 150 words each 1. “Piece by piece, he built a swimmer”. How did the instructor help the author to become a swimmer and overcome his fear of water? 2. What emotions did the author experie...

Poets and Pancakes assignment Class 12 English | English Flamingo  Answer in 30-40 words  1. How were Gemini Studios connected to Robert Clive? 2. What was the fiery misery inside the make-up department of the Studios? 3. All this shows that there was a great deal of national integration long before A.I.R. and Doordarshan began broadcasting programs on national  integration. Explain. 4. Who was the office boy? What was his duty in the make-up department? How did he appreciate himself and his profession? 5. How was the author’s job odd in the eyes of the other staff? How did they respond to this? 6. Why did the author pray for crowd shooting? 7. Who was Kothamangalam Subbu? How did he make all the other staff hate him? 8. Discuss Subbu’s identity as a poet. Why was he not known as a poet?.  Answer 150 words  1. Subbu excelled as an actor too. Discuss. 2. In spite of all the good qualities and readiness to be a host any time, Subbu had only enemies. Why? 3. How di...

A THING OF BEAUTY  Read the following extracts and answer the questions that follow each: 1. A thing of beauty is a joy forever Its loveliness increases, it will never Pass into nothingness, but will keep A bower quiet for us, and asleep Full of sweet dreams, and health, and quiet breathing. Questions (a) How is a thing of beauty a joy forever? 1 (b) Explain–“It will never pass into nothingness.” 1 (c) How does the poet attribute beauty for sound physical and mental health? 2 2. Therefore, on every morrow, are we wreathing A flowery band to bind us to the earth, Spite of despondence, of the inhuman dearth Of noble natures, of the gloomy days, Of all the unhealthy and o’er-darkened ways Made for our searching : Questions (a) Who are we wreathing a flowery band and why? 2 (b) Why is the poet not happy with human beings? 1 (c) Explain “O’er darkened ways”. 1 3. Yes, in spite of all Some shape of beauty moves away from the pall From our dark spirits-Such the sun, the moon, Trees old, a...